What delivery mechanism do oral medications utilize?

Oral medications utilize the systemic delivery mechanism, which refers to the way drugs are absorbed into the bloodstream to exert their effects throughout the body. When an individual takes an oral medication, it passes through the digestive system and is absorbed primarily in the small intestine. Once absorbed, the active ingredients enter the bloodstream and are distributed to various tissues and organs, allowing the medication to take effect.

This method contrasts with other delivery mechanisms. Sublingual administration involves placing a drug under the tongue for rapid absorption directly into the bloodstream, bypassing the digestive system. Topical delivery refers to applying medication directly to the skin or mucous membranes for localized treatment, and rectal administration involves delivering medication via the rectum, which may also allow for systemic effects but is not the primary route for oral medications. Understanding these distinctions is crucial for recognizing how different routes of administration impact the delivery and effectiveness of various medications.